Chemical modification of lignin and lignin derivatives
Patent No. 8,865,802
In one example implementation, a trans-esterified APL can include an APL and a polyester including polyester chains. The polyester may be an aliphatic polyester, a semi-aromatic polyester, or an aromatic polyester. In other examples, an acetate ester of the APL can be used to swap carboxylic acid groups with the alcohol oligomer units in the polyester chains.
Inventors: Nhiem Cao (Fort Smith, Ark.); Kevin Oden (Fayetteville, Ark.); Wolfgang G. Glasser (Richmond, Va.)
Assignee: Cyclewood Solutions Inc. (Fayetteville, Ark.)
Oct. 21, 2014
Gear oil compositions
Patent No. 8,865,633
A gear oil composition, a method for operating an automotive gear, and a method for improving performance of a gear oil that includes a) a major amount of a base oil having a lubricating viscosity; b) a polysulfide extreme pressure agent; and c) a reaction product of an acylated copolymer and a polyamine.
Inventors: Ian MacPherson (Richmond, Va.); Donald Robert Bell (Midlothian, Va.); Akhilesh Duggal (Midlothian, Va.)
Assignee: Afton Chemical Corp. (Richmond, Va.)
Oct. 21, 2014
Gamma cyclodextrin flavoring-release additives
Patent No. 8,864,909
Electrically heated cigarettes used in an electrical smoking system include a flavoring-release additive and sorbent effective to remove one or more gas-phase constituents of mainstream tobacco smoke. The flavoring-release additive includes gamma cyclodextrin and at least one flavoring. Flavoring is released in a cigarette upon the flavoring-release additive reaching at least a minimum temperature during smoking. The flavoring-release additive can have various forms including, for example, powder and films.
Inventors: Munmaya K. Mishra (Richmond, Va.); Susan E. Wrenn (Chesterfield, Va.); Jay A. Fournier (Richmond, Va.)
Assignee: Philip Morris USA Inc. (Richmond, Va.)
Oct. 21, 2014
End effector with internal valve
Patent No. 8,864,200
A bellows 10 is configured for connection to an end effector of a robot and includes a valve 28 supported in the interior space of the bellows. A flow of low pressure air is induced from inside the bellows into a vacuum plenum 24 for retrieving a work product by the open end 16 of the bellows. High pressure air is moved through a conduit 50 into the valve to terminate the flow of low pressure air and terminate the suction applied by the bellows to the work product.
Inventors: Roland Lomerson, Jr. (Lakewood Ranch, Fla.); Michael W. Norton (Richmond, Va.)
Assignee: AMF Automation Technologies (Richmond, Va.)
Oct. 21, 2014
Fuel additive for improved performance in fuel injected engines
Patent No. 8,863,700
In accordance with the disclosure, exemplary embodiments provide a fuel additive concentrate, a method for cleaning fuel injectors, a method for restoring power to a diesel fuel injected engine, a fuel composition, and a method of operating a fuel injected diesel engine. The additive concentrate includes (a) a hydrocarbyl substituted quaternary ammonium internal salt; and (b) a reaction product of (i) a hydrocarbyl substituted dicarboxylic acid, anhydride, or ester and (ii) an amine compound or salt thereof of the formula ##STR00001## wherein R is selected from hydrogen and a hydrocarbyl group containing from about 1 to about 15 carbon atoms, and R.sup.1 is selected from hydrogen and a hydrocarbyl group containing from about 1 to about 20 carbon atoms. The reaction product (b) on average has less than 2 amino-triazole groups per molecule. A weight ratio of (a) to (b) in the additive concentrate ranges from about 10:1 to about 1:10.
Inventors: Xinggao Fang (Midlothian, Va.); Scott D. Schwab (Richmond, Va.)
Assignee: Afton Chemical Corp. (Richmond, Va.)
Oct. 21, 2014
Package, carton and blank therefor
Patent No. 8,863,952
Each of the first and second side panels of a tubular carton includes a notional longitudinal line disposed at an elevation above the bottom panel that is below the elevation of the shoulders of the bottles. At least one of the opposed ends of the tubular carton is closed by a composite end wall. The composite end wall includes pair of first and second side end closure flaps hingedly connected to the side panels of the carton along first fold lines respectively. Each of the first fold lines is interrupted by a pair of at least substantially triangular panels, each of the pairs of at least substantially triangular panels is formed such that a lowermost triangular panel of the pair is disposed below the respective notional longitudinal line and such that an uppermost triangular panel of the pair is disposed above the respective notional longitudinal line.
Inventors: Aaron L. Bates (Moseley, Va.); Bradford J. Walling (Chesterfield, Va.); Kyle Schumaker (Greer, S.C.)
Assignee: MeadWestvaco Packaging Systems (Richmond, Va.)
Oct. 21, 2014
Air distribution system for temperature-controlled case
Patent No. 8,863,541
A temperature-controlled case is provided including a rear wall spaced apart from an intermediate wall, forming a cavity therebetween. The intermediate wall includes a first set of openings disposed below a second set of openings. A deck may be disposed proximate to the first set and the shelves proximate to the second set of openings. Each shelf may include a shelf base and cover, the cover having openings through which air may be directed. An air distribution system having an air diverting device provides for improved air flow and cooling of products within the case. The air diverting device directs a first portion of an air flow toward the deck and permits a second portion to be directed toward the shelves. The air diverting device may direct the first portion of the air flow through the cavity and towards the deck, or away from the cavity and towards the deck.
Inventors: Timothy Dean Swofford (Midlothian, Va.); Larry C. Howington (Chesterfield, Va.); Jules G. Choueifati (Chester, Va.)
Assignee: Hill Phoenix Inc. (Conyers, Ga.)
Oct. 21, 2014
Methods for separating medical isotopes using ionic liquids
Patent No. 8,865,094
A method for extracting a radioisotope from an aqueous solution, the method comprising: a) intimately mixing a non-chelating ionic liquid with the aqueous solution to transfer at least a portion of said radioisotope to said non-chelating ionic liquid; and b) separating the non-chelating ionic liquid from the aqueous solution. In preferred embodiments, the method achieves an extraction efficiency of at least 80%, or a separation factor of at least 1.times.10.sup.4 when more than one radioisotope is included in the aqueous solution. In particular embodiments, the method is applied to the separation of medical isotopes pairs, such as Th from Ac (Th-229/Ac-225, Ac-227/Th-227), or Ra from Ac (Ac-225 and Ra-225, Ac-227 and Ra-223), or Ra from Th (Th-227 and Ra-223, Th-229 and Ra-225).
Inventors: Huimin Luo (Knoxville, Tenn.); Rose Ann Boll (Knoxville, Tenn.); Jason Richard Bell (Midlothian, Va.); Sheng Dai (Knoxville, Tenn.)
Assignee: UT-Battelle (Oak Ridge, Tenn.)
Oct. 21, 2014
Controlled flavor release tobacco pouch products and methods of making
Patent No. 8,863,755
An oral tobacco pouch product providing controlled flavor release and methods of making are provided. The oral tobacco product includes a web containing a filling material. The filling material includes tobacco material and at least one hydrocolloid in an amount sufficient to retard the release of at least one tobacco flavor component from the tobacco material during use.
Inventors: Shuzhong Zhuang (Henrico, Va.); Warren Winterson (Chester, Va.); Chun-Liang Shen (Henrico, Va.)
Assignee: Philip Morris USA Inc. (Richmond, Va.)
Oct. 21, 2014
Production of graphene and nanoparticle catalysts supported on graphene using microwave radiation
Patent No. 8,871,171
Microwave irradiation is used to synthesize graphene and metallic nanocatalysts supported on graphene either by solid or solution phase. In solid phase methods, no solvents or additional reducing agents are required so the methods are “environmentally friendly” and economical, and the graphene and nanocatalysts are substantially free of residual contaminants. Recyclable, high efficiency Pd nanocatylysts are prepared by these methods.
Inventors: M. Samy El-Shall (Richmond, Va.); Victor Abdelsayed (Morgantown, W.Va.); Hassan M. A. Hasan (Richmond, Va.); Abd El Rahman S. Khder (Richmond, Va.); Khaled M. Abouzeid (Richmond, Va.); Qilin Dai (Richmond, Va.); Parichehr Afshani (Richmond, Va.); Frank Gupton (Richmond, Va.); Ali R. Siamaki (Richmond, Va.); Zeid Abdullah M. Alothman (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia); Hamad Zaid Alkhathlan (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia)
Assignee: Virginia Commonwealth University (Richmond, Va.)
Oct. 28, 2014
Oral tobacco product having a hydrated membrane coating and a high surface area
Patent No. 8,869,804
Provided is a moist smokeless tobacco product including a hydrated membrane coating and a portion of tobacco material. Preferably, the tobacco material is pre-portioned and formed to include at least one dimple and/or at least one hole through the tobacco material so as to increase the surface area of the tobacco product.
Inventors: Munmaya K. Mishra (Richmond, Va.); William R. Sweeney (Richmond, Va.); Shengsheng Liu (Richmond, Va.); Dennis Geib (Richmond, Va.)
Assignee: Philip Morris USA Inc. (Richmond, Va.)
Oct. 28, 2014
1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinane, 2-sulfide derivatives for use as anti-wear additives in lubricant compositions
Patent No. 8,871,696
The present disclosure relates to a non-acidic, sulfur-containing, phosphorus-containing compound of the formula I ##STR00001## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, and R.sup.7 are as defined herein. Such a compound may exhibit improved antiwear performance and thermal stability in lubricating compositions.
Inventors: John Marshall Baker (Bracknell, Great Britain); Naresh Mathur (Midlothian, Va.); Roger M. Sheets (Pagosa Springs, Colo.); David J. Degonia (Midlothian, Va.)
Assignee: Afton Chemical Corp. (Richmond, Va.)
Oct. 28, 2014
Boxed blister pack having slide and retain feature
Patent No. 8,869,984
A packaging structure for receiving at least one blister pack. The packaging structure includes at least one blister pack retainer for receiving and enclosing the blister pack, the blister pack retainer having a first side member, a second side member, a first end and a second end, the second end having at least one tab portion extending therefrom, and a slidable cover for enclosing the at least one blister pack retainer, the cover having a first end and a second end, the first end having at least one tab stop member extending therefrom, whereby when the at least one blister pack retainer is withdrawn from the slidable cover, the at least one tab stop member of the slidable cover and the at least one tab portion of the at least one blister pack retainer cooperate to restrain the at least one blister pack retainer from being fully withdrawn from the slidable cover. A method of making a packaging structure is also provided.
Inventors: Stephen J. Bellamah (Midlothian, Va.)
Assignee: Philip Morris USA Inc. (Richmond, Va)
Oct. 28, 2014
Chemical modification of lignin and lignin derivatives
Patent No. 8,865,802
In one example implementation, a trans-esterified APL can include an APL and a polyester including polyester chains. The polyester may be an aliphatic polyester, a semi-aromatic polyester, or an aromatic polyester. In other examples, an acetate ester of the APL can be used to swap carboxylic acid groups with the alcohol oligomer units in the polyester chains.
Inventors: Nhiem Cao (Fort Smith, Ark.); Kevin Oden (Fayetteville, Ark.); Wolfgang G. Glasser (Richmond, Va.)
Assignee: Cyclewood Solutions Inc. (Fayetteville, Ark.)
Oct. 21, 2014
Gear oil compositions
Patent No. 8,865,633
A gear oil composition, a method for operating an automotive gear, and a method for improving performance of a gear oil that includes a) a major amount of a base oil having a lubricating viscosity; b) a polysulfide extreme pressure agent; and c) a reaction product of an acylated copolymer and a polyamine.
Inventors: Ian MacPherson (Richmond, Va.); Donald Robert Bell (Midlothian, Va.); Akhilesh Duggal (Midlothian, Va.)
Assignee: Afton Chemical Corp. (Richmond, Va.)
Oct. 21, 2014
Gamma cyclodextrin flavoring-release additives
Patent No. 8,864,909
Electrically heated cigarettes used in an electrical smoking system include a flavoring-release additive and sorbent effective to remove one or more gas-phase constituents of mainstream tobacco smoke. The flavoring-release additive includes gamma cyclodextrin and at least one flavoring. Flavoring is released in a cigarette upon the flavoring-release additive reaching at least a minimum temperature during smoking. The flavoring-release additive can have various forms including, for example, powder and films.
Inventors: Munmaya K. Mishra (Richmond, Va.); Susan E. Wrenn (Chesterfield, Va.); Jay A. Fournier (Richmond, Va.)
Assignee: Philip Morris USA Inc. (Richmond, Va.)
Oct. 21, 2014
End effector with internal valve
Patent No. 8,864,200
A bellows 10 is configured for connection to an end effector of a robot and includes a valve 28 supported in the interior space of the bellows. A flow of low pressure air is induced from inside the bellows into a vacuum plenum 24 for retrieving a work product by the open end 16 of the bellows. High pressure air is moved through a conduit 50 into the valve to terminate the flow of low pressure air and terminate the suction applied by the bellows to the work product.
Inventors: Roland Lomerson, Jr. (Lakewood Ranch, Fla.); Michael W. Norton (Richmond, Va.)
Assignee: AMF Automation Technologies (Richmond, Va.)
Oct. 21, 2014
Fuel additive for improved performance in fuel injected engines
Patent No. 8,863,700
In accordance with the disclosure, exemplary embodiments provide a fuel additive concentrate, a method for cleaning fuel injectors, a method for restoring power to a diesel fuel injected engine, a fuel composition, and a method of operating a fuel injected diesel engine. The additive concentrate includes (a) a hydrocarbyl substituted quaternary ammonium internal salt; and (b) a reaction product of (i) a hydrocarbyl substituted dicarboxylic acid, anhydride, or ester and (ii) an amine compound or salt thereof of the formula ##STR00001## wherein R is selected from hydrogen and a hydrocarbyl group containing from about 1 to about 15 carbon atoms, and R.sup.1 is selected from hydrogen and a hydrocarbyl group containing from about 1 to about 20 carbon atoms. The reaction product (b) on average has less than 2 amino-triazole groups per molecule. A weight ratio of (a) to (b) in the additive concentrate ranges from about 10:1 to about 1:10.
Inventors: Xinggao Fang (Midlothian, Va.); Scott D. Schwab (Richmond, Va.)
Assignee: Afton Chemical Corp. (Richmond, Va.)
Oct. 21, 2014
Package, carton and blank therefor
Patent No. 8,863,952
Each of the first and second side panels of a tubular carton includes a notional longitudinal line disposed at an elevation above the bottom panel that is below the elevation of the shoulders of the bottles. At least one of the opposed ends of the tubular carton is closed by a composite end wall. The composite end wall includes pair of first and second side end closure flaps hingedly connected to the side panels of the carton along first fold lines respectively. Each of the first fold lines is interrupted by a pair of at least substantially triangular panels, each of the pairs of at least substantially triangular panels is formed such that a lowermost triangular panel of the pair is disposed below the respective notional longitudinal line and such that an uppermost triangular panel of the pair is disposed above the respective notional longitudinal line.
Inventors: Aaron L. Bates (Moseley, Va.); Bradford J. Walling (Chesterfield, Va.); Kyle Schumaker (Greer, S.C.)
Assignee: MeadWestvaco Packaging Systems (Richmond, Va.)
Oct. 21, 2014
Air distribution system for temperature-controlled case
Patent No. 8,863,541
A temperature-controlled case is provided including a rear wall spaced apart from an intermediate wall, forming a cavity therebetween. The intermediate wall includes a first set of openings disposed below a second set of openings. A deck may be disposed proximate to the first set and the shelves proximate to the second set of openings. Each shelf may include a shelf base and cover, the cover having openings through which air may be directed. An air distribution system having an air diverting device provides for improved air flow and cooling of products within the case. The air diverting device directs a first portion of an air flow toward the deck and permits a second portion to be directed toward the shelves. The air diverting device may direct the first portion of the air flow through the cavity and towards the deck, or away from the cavity and towards the deck.
Inventors: Timothy Dean Swofford (Midlothian, Va.); Larry C. Howington (Chesterfield, Va.); Jules G. Choueifati (Chester, Va.)
Assignee: Hill Phoenix Inc. (Conyers, Ga.)
Oct. 21, 2014
Methods for separating medical isotopes using ionic liquids
Patent No. 8,865,094
A method for extracting a radioisotope from an aqueous solution, the method comprising: a) intimately mixing a non-chelating ionic liquid with the aqueous solution to transfer at least a portion of said radioisotope to said non-chelating ionic liquid; and b) separating the non-chelating ionic liquid from the aqueous solution. In preferred embodiments, the method achieves an extraction efficiency of at least 80%, or a separation factor of at least 1.times.10.sup.4 when more than one radioisotope is included in the aqueous solution. In particular embodiments, the method is applied to the separation of medical isotopes pairs, such as Th from Ac (Th-229/Ac-225, Ac-227/Th-227), or Ra from Ac (Ac-225 and Ra-225, Ac-227 and Ra-223), or Ra from Th (Th-227 and Ra-223, Th-229 and Ra-225).
Inventors: Huimin Luo (Knoxville, Tenn.); Rose Ann Boll (Knoxville, Tenn.); Jason Richard Bell (Midlothian, Va.); Sheng Dai (Knoxville, Tenn.)
Assignee: UT-Battelle (Oak Ridge, Tenn.)
Oct. 21, 2014
Controlled flavor release tobacco pouch products and methods of making
Patent No. 8,863,755
An oral tobacco pouch product providing controlled flavor release and methods of making are provided. The oral tobacco product includes a web containing a filling material. The filling material includes tobacco material and at least one hydrocolloid in an amount sufficient to retard the release of at least one tobacco flavor component from the tobacco material during use.
Inventors: Shuzhong Zhuang (Henrico, Va.); Warren Winterson (Chester, Va.); Chun-Liang Shen (Henrico, Va.)
Assignee: Philip Morris USA Inc. (Richmond, Va.)
Oct. 21, 2014
Production of graphene and nanoparticle catalysts supported on graphene using microwave radiation
Patent No. 8,871,171
Microwave irradiation is used to synthesize graphene and metallic nanocatalysts supported on graphene either by solid or solution phase. In solid phase methods, no solvents or additional reducing agents are required so the methods are “environmentally friendly” and economical, and the graphene and nanocatalysts are substantially free of residual contaminants. Recyclable, high efficiency Pd nanocatylysts are prepared by these methods.
Inventors: M. Samy El-Shall (Richmond, Va.); Victor Abdelsayed (Morgantown, W.Va.); Hassan M. A. Hasan (Richmond, Va.); Abd El Rahman S. Khder (Richmond, Va.); Khaled M. Abouzeid (Richmond, Va.); Qilin Dai (Richmond, Va.); Parichehr Afshani (Richmond, Va.); Frank Gupton (Richmond, Va.); Ali R. Siamaki (Richmond, Va.); Zeid Abdullah M. Alothman (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia); Hamad Zaid Alkhathlan (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia)
Assignee: Virginia Commonwealth University (Richmond, Va.)
Oct. 28, 2014
Oral tobacco product having a hydrated membrane coating and a high surface area
Patent No. 8,869,804
Provided is a moist smokeless tobacco product including a hydrated membrane coating and a portion of tobacco material. Preferably, the tobacco material is pre-portioned and formed to include at least one dimple and/or at least one hole through the tobacco material so as to increase the surface area of the tobacco product.
Inventors: Munmaya K. Mishra (Richmond, Va.); William R. Sweeney (Richmond, Va.); Shengsheng Liu (Richmond, Va.); Dennis Geib (Richmond, Va.)
Assignee: Philip Morris USA Inc. (Richmond, Va.)
Oct. 28, 2014
1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinane, 2-sulfide derivatives for use as anti-wear additives in lubricant compositions
Patent No. 8,871,696
The present disclosure relates to a non-acidic, sulfur-containing, phosphorus-containing compound of the formula I ##STR00001## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, and R.sup.7 are as defined herein. Such a compound may exhibit improved antiwear performance and thermal stability in lubricating compositions.
Inventors: John Marshall Baker (Bracknell, Great Britain); Naresh Mathur (Midlothian, Va.); Roger M. Sheets (Pagosa Springs, Colo.); David J. Degonia (Midlothian, Va.)
Assignee: Afton Chemical Corp. (Richmond, Va.)
Oct. 28, 2014
Boxed blister pack having slide and retain feature
Patent No. 8,869,984
A packaging structure for receiving at least one blister pack. The packaging structure includes at least one blister pack retainer for receiving and enclosing the blister pack, the blister pack retainer having a first side member, a second side member, a first end and a second end, the second end having at least one tab portion extending therefrom, and a slidable cover for enclosing the at least one blister pack retainer, the cover having a first end and a second end, the first end having at least one tab stop member extending therefrom, whereby when the at least one blister pack retainer is withdrawn from the slidable cover, the at least one tab stop member of the slidable cover and the at least one tab portion of the at least one blister pack retainer cooperate to restrain the at least one blister pack retainer from being fully withdrawn from the slidable cover. A method of making a packaging structure is also provided.
Inventors: Stephen J. Bellamah (Midlothian, Va.)
Assignee: Philip Morris USA Inc. (Richmond, Va)
Oct. 28, 2014